中国的熟人社会与有组织犯罪的组织性特征

Acquaintances Society and the Organization Characteristics of Organized Crime

从公开数据可以看出,现阶段中国有组织犯罪成员以当地人为主,外地人所占比例受外来人口数量影响,成员之间关系多为熟人关系。之所以如此,原因在于长期以来中国是一个差序格局下的熟人社会。在此影响之下,现阶段中国有组织犯罪组织性表现出组织规模容易发展壮大,组织对外"凝聚力"相对较强,组织内部结构相对松散,组织的核心圈为当地人,外地人往往处于外层等特征。随着社会发展,中国正逐步由熟人社会向半熟人社会转变,有组织犯罪在未来则将出现组织严密性增强、组织人员组成越发复杂、核心圈和外层人员组成差异不再明显等趋势。有组织犯罪的这些组织性特征决定了对其必须"打早打小"。

From the public data of former researches on organized crime, we can include that most of Chinese organized crime members are local people, the percentage of outlanders is influenced by the amount of migrants, and most of members are acquaintance. The reason is that China is ＂the Acquaintance Society＂ decided by ＂the differential mode of association＂. Decided by this social structure, now the organization of Chinese organized crime presents the following features： （1） size of crime organization grows up easily; （2） the internal structure of organization is relatively loose and the external cohesion is relatively strong; （3） the core members are local people and the out layer members are outlanders. At this stage, along with rapid-growing economy, Chinese society is transiting from ＂the Acquaintance Society＂ to ＂the Half-acquaintance Society＂ step by step. Influenced by this trend, the organization of Chinese organized crime will be tighter, the formation of members will be more complicate, and the different of formation of core and out layer members will vanish. These characters and tendency decides that combating organized crimes from its outset and as early as possible is necessary.