北京城区儿童维生素A水平调查及影响因素分析

Investigation and Analysis on the Level of Vitamin A in Children in Beij ing City

目的：了解北京城区儿童维生素 A（vitamin A，VA）水平及其影响因素。方法选择2012年11月～2013年3月在儿童保健门诊体检的0～14岁儿童292例为研究对象，完成问卷调查、病史询问和体格检查，留取静脉血，采用高效液相色谱法检测血清VA水平。结果①292例血清VA均值（1.09±0.29）μmol／L。②亚临床VAD（subclinical vitamin A de-ficiency，SVAD）检出率5.8％（17／292）；可疑 SVAD（suspected SVAD，SSVAD）检出率为38.0％（107／292）。③多因素分析显示：家长缺乏 VA相关知识（OR＝13.76，95％CI 6.48～29.24）、摄入 VA不足（OR＝15.77，95％CI 7.26～34.27）和反复呼吸道感染（OR＝8.46，95％CI 3.56～20.14）是 SVAD和 SSVAD的高危因素。结论低水平 VA仍然是北京城区儿童的重要营养问题。家长缺乏 VA相关知识、儿童摄入 VA不足和反复呼吸道感染是其高危因素。

Objective To understand the level of vitamin A （VA）in children in Beijing city.Methods 292 children aged from 0~14 years old visited the health clinic from November 2012 to March 2013 in Beijing city were surveyed by a question-naire,and medical history,physical examination,a blood sample was collected from each child,and serum VA was measured with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）.Results ①The mean serum VA concentration for the 292 children was （1.09 ± 0.29）μmol/L.②There were 5.8% （17/292）of children affected with subclinical VAD （SVAD）,and 38.0% （107/292）had suspected SVAD （SSVAD）.③Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that parents were unware of health implications of VA,low VA intake and recurrent respiratory infection were associated with SVAD or SSVAD.Conclusion Low VA status remains a nutritional problem in children in Beij ing city.Multiple factors need to be considered together for them,such as parents were unware of health implications of VA,low VA intake and re-current respiratory infection.