基于实验设计的建筑工人安全相关行为仿真

Experiment-based simulations of construction worker safety behavior

普遍存在的不安全行为是导致建筑施工过程伤亡事故频发的最重要原因之一,系统把握施工安全相关行为的特征与规律至关重要。由于问题的复杂性和研究方法的局限性,对不安全行为的系统性分析不够深入。该文引入主体建模方法,根据所提出的施工安全相关行为的建模框架,对工人行为进行建模和仿真。设计实验平台,作为建立仿真模型所依据的真实现场。建立建筑工人安全相关行为仿真模型,并通过实验对模型进行标定和验证。应用仿真模型分析在施工安全管理措施中常用的奖励和处罚措施对工人行为的影响,发现处罚措施对纠正工人的不安全行为更为有力。该研究所提出的建模与仿真方法,可为建筑施工安全相关行为的深入研究提供参考。

Unsafe worker behavior is the primary cause of construction site accidents. Therefore,safety control needs a thorough understanding of the characteristics and patterns of construction worker safety behavior.However,behavior is a very complex problem with limited existing research methods,so the causes of unsafe behavior are poorly understood.An agent-based modeling framework is developed to model construction safety behavior. Then, worker safety behavior is observed in an experimental environment.The construction worker safety behavior is then modeled with the model parameters calibrated by the experimental results.Then,apolicy implication test is conducted to study the effects of incentive measures on the worker behavior.The results show that penalties work best in correcting the worker unsafe behavior.This modeling methodology provides an approach for further study of construction site safety behavior.