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重型发动机喷油嘴结焦试验方法的开发 被引量:2

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摘要 当今,柴油机仍是最常见、最高效的移动式能源转换设备。尽管如此,它还是受到许多问题的困扰,如喷油嘴的结焦。由于引入更先进的喷油系统和燃用更为多样的燃料(包括生物燃料),这个问题变得更加复杂。现在的喷孔尺寸比以前更为细小,因此对结焦更为敏感。已有2种经欧盟委员会批准的柴油机结焦试验方法,但还没有公认的适用于大型发动机的结焦试验方法。以大型发动机为基础,采用含锌量为1×10^(-6)的B10生物柴油,在单缸发动机上进行研究,目的是开发一种简单、快速的结焦试验方法。为了与实际应用情况相符,采用1台满足欧5排放标准的高功率发动机,在几个实际负荷工况点进行试验。研究了发动机在各种转速最大负荷点的结焦倾向,在此基础上确立一种重复性好、便捷的单一负荷点6 h试验法,试验中途保温1 h,以产生显著的结焦。用嵌装热电偶的喷油器测得喷嘴平均温度约为255℃。根据试验中测得的功率损耗评价结焦状况,并在流量试验台上予以验证。此时从喷油器上拆下喷嘴,在结焦试验前后单独测量流量,以判断喷嘴结焦产生的影响。由于试验的初始状态极为关键,因而发动机的运转工况十分重要。试验结果显示,发动机在50%负荷状态下运行不会对结焦产生显著影响,并且,整夜保温后功率输出平均升高1.2%,而缩短保温时间对积炭的形成没有显著影响。
出处 《国外内燃机》 2014年第6期29-33,共5页 Foreign Internal Combustion Engine
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参考文献10

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同被引文献32

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  • 10Argueyrolles B,Dehoux S,Gastaldi P.Influence of injector nozzledesign and cavitation on coking phenomenon. SAE Technical Paper2007-01-1896 . 2007

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