子痫前期与高血压发病风险的前瞻性队列研究

Preeclampsia and Risk of Hypertension a Prospective Cohort Study

目的探讨子痫前期（pre-eclampsia,PE）高血压孕妇发生的危险因素。方法选取2010-05/2013-05月在作者医院妇产科分娩并确定患有PE/子痫的孕妇192例,4个月后随访,年龄22~32（25.3±4.1）岁。登记入组孕妇社会人口数据、民族、分娩、治疗和孕产史等信息,并测量血压。统计学分析采用SPSS 17.0统计软件,单变量分析评估高血压的风险因素,采用多变量Logistic回归分析评估危险因素对持续性高血压的独立预后指标。结果孕妇的年龄（尤其是31~32岁）、PE病史、初产、胎龄（尤其是38周）和严重的PE症状均为预测持续性高血压的独立预后指标（P〈0.05）,随访结果有72例孕妇发展成为持续性高血压和120例孕妇血压正常。而孕前高血压、分娩次数和尿蛋白水平与持续性高血压无相关性。结论应密切关注孕妇的情况,并及早采取措施来预防或避免高血压的发生。

Objective To investigate the risk factors of hypertension in preeclampsia patients. Methods A total of 192 pregnant women giving birth from May 2010 to May 2013 in our hospital and identified with preeclampsia during the 4 months follow-up, aged 22 ~32 （25.3 ＋ 4.1 ） years.The information of pregnant women including social demographic da ta,information,delivery, national treatment and pregnancy history and blood pressure were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0.Univariable analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors of hypertension.Multivari able logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluated the risk factors for independent prognostic indicators of sus tained hypertension. Results Maternal age （especially 31~32 years）, preeclampsia, gestational age （early, especially 38 weeks） and severe preeclampsia symptoms were independent prognostic indexes of sustained hypertension （P〈0.05）.No hypertension before pregnancy, delivery times and urinary protein level had no correlation with sustained hypertensiong Conclusion Attention should be paid to these pregnant women, and measures be adopted to prevent or avoid the occur rence of hypertension.