实蝇类害虫分子鉴定研究进展

The research progress of the molecular identification of fruit fly

随着国际贸易活动的日趋频繁及其复杂化,实蝇类害虫的传播扩散机率越来越大,直接威胁农业生产安全,成为影响果蔬等进出口贸易的重要检疫问题之一。因此,实蝇的准确识别与快速鉴定受到了世界各国的高度重视。本文主要对目前已经被用于实蝇鉴定的分子生物学技术的原理、优缺点及其研究进展进行概述;同时,根据BOLD Systems现有的数据,汇总了截至2014年10月22日实蝇DNA条形码的种类、已公布研究的记录数及涉及的实蝇种类。结果表明:目前应用于实蝇鉴定的DNA条形码有COⅠ-5P、COⅠ-3P、COⅡ、COⅢ、CYTB、atp6、28S等7种;其中以COⅠ标记为主,已公布的记录数为4540,是其他5种DNA标记的113.5倍,COⅠ-5P标记研究的实蝇科种类有315种,COⅠ-3P标记的有116种;目前研究较多的为果实蝇属、寡鬃实蝇属、腊实蝇属。本文对今后选用分子生物学技术鉴定实蝇种属具有重要的理论意义。

Along with the increasingly frequent and complex international trade activity and the import-export trade of many products such as fruits and vegetables, the probability of the spread of fruit fly pests increases. This directly threatens the fruit and vegetable planting industry and agriculture production safety, making it an important quarantine problem. Therefore, the accurate and quick identification of fruit flies is receiving great attention by the quarantine services all over the world. This article mainly describes the principle and the advantages, disadvantages and the research progress of the molecular biology-based technology in fruit fly identification. Meanwhile, according to the existing data of BOLD Systems summarized the types of DNA barcoding of fruit fly, published records and the species of fruit fly involved until October 22, 2014. The conclusion is that there are 7 DNA barcoding, they are COI -SP, COI -3P, COⅡ , COⅢ, CYTB, atp6, 28S, hut mainly based COI markers, with the number of published records was 4540, it was 113.5 times of the other five kinds of DNA markers; the species of fruit fly researched by COl -SP marker were 315, while COI -3P marker were 116, currently studied more for Bactrocera, Dacus and Ceratitis. This article has the important theoretical significance and reference basis on how to choose the molecular biology technology to identify fruit fly.