结直肠癌筛查方案的应用与优化

Application and Optimization of Colorectal Cancer Screening Program

定期在人群中开展结直肠癌筛查可以有效降低结直肠癌的发病率和死亡率。然而大规模人群筛查耗资巨大,目前经济发展和医疗资源有限,如何利用有限的资源筛查出最多的癌前病变及癌症是筛查实施者最关心的问题。在一定的经费下采用不同的筛查方案取得的效果不同,因此选择成本效果最好的方案是筛查的关键所在。本文从成本效果角度对目前的结直肠癌筛查方案进行概述,并结合笔者进行的相关课题,提出了将筛查方案"对象、方法、流程"三要素进行组合比较成本效果的研究计划,相信通过这一探索性研究,会为结直肠癌筛查方案的选择提供一定的决策依据。

The regular screening is effective in reducing morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer. However,the screening in large populations is extremely costly,the growth of economy and medical resources are limited. What the screening providers＇ main concern is how to find more people suffered from precancerosis or early cancer with the limited resources. The different screening method results in different effect,so it is critical to select the most cost- effective screening program. The paper summarize the current colorectal screening methods from cost- effectiveness perspective. Combined with the related research conducted by the authors,the research plan evaluate the cost- effectiveness of colorectal screening program by using schemes composed by different objects,methods and processes. This explorative study may provide decision- making basis for the choice of colorectal screening program.