1896—1911年摩根财团对中国铁路特权的争夺

The Hunt Implemented by J.P.Morgan towards the Privilege of Chinese Railway from 1896 to 1911

19世纪末至20世纪初,美国几大精英银行集团都在为抢夺投资市场份额而激烈竞争。作为美国顶尖的投行之一,摩根财团也是最早尝试在中国输出资本的美国财团。从京汉铁路投资开始,摩根财团逐渐进入中国市场并在这一市场上占有一席之地。在列强瓜分中国的狂潮中,作为后来者的美国,由政府支持以摩根财团为首的美国银行团参与湖广等几条主要铁路贷款的争夺,并最终形成四国国际银行财团。西方列强对中国铁路特权的争夺进一步激化了中国国内矛盾,客观上促进了中国国内民族运动的兴起,保路运动开始在各地风起云涌。随后爆发的辛亥革命推翻了清政府的统治,也使得各国财团遭遇严重的挫折。

At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century,American elite banking groups were busily engaged in scrambling market share in China. As one of American top investment bank,Morgan was undoubtedly one of the earliest banks ever came into China. It gradually got a big share of the market since it decided to invest in the Peking- Hankow railway. In the storm of dividing China,Morgan,the latecomer,who was supported by the US government,involved into the competition of getting the Hukuang railway loan. As a result,an international banking group consisted of four countries was formed. The aggression propelled by western great powers waked up the nationalism of Chinese people. Railway Project Crisis spreader through out China. And the later Revolution of1911 overthrew Qing government therefore striking those international banks.