太子河流域大型底栖动物功能摄食类群与环境要素的关系

Relationship between functional feeding groups of macroinvertebrates and environmental factors in Taizi River basin

根据2009年8月太子河流域野外调查数据,分析了大型底栖动物的5个主要功能摄食类群的组成,包括直接收集者(gc)、捕食者(pr)、过滤收集者(fc)、撕食者(sh)和刮食者(sc),研究结果表明,太子河大型底栖动物以gc为主,占底栖动物总个体数的85.5%,其次为fc、sh、sc和pr,分别占总个体数的6.0%、3.0%、5.5%和0.0%,并且gc对人为干扰的耐受性较强,pr、sh、sc对环境条件变化较为敏感.通过5种功能摄食类群的相对丰度与水质因子相关分析,分析结果表明,海拔、水温、电导率、总氮、硝态氮、亚硝态氮与gc相关性较大;而海拔、水温、电导率、p H值、总氮、亚硝态氮与pr、sc和sh相关性较大.将土地利用格局与5种功能摄食类群进行逐步回归分析,结果表明,农田和河滩对gc影响显著;而农田对pr、sc和sh影响显著.

According to the data obtained from field investigation in Taizi River basin during August 2009,five main functional feeding groups were analyzed,including collector-gatherers（gc）,predator（pr）,collector-filterers（fc）,shredders（sh） and scrapers（sc）. Gc represented a significant dominant in the macroinvertebrates community,which accounting for 85.5% of the total number of benthic animal individuals; followed by fc,sh,sc and pr,which accounting for 6.0%,3.0%,5.5% and 0.0% respectively. Gc had a strong tolerance to human disturbance,while pr,sh and sc were more sensitive to the change of environmental state. Through the correlation analysis between the relative abundance of five functional feeding groups and water quality factors,the result showed that gc was correlated with altitude,water temperature,conductivity,total nitrogen,nitrate and nitrite,while pr,sc and sh were correlated with altitude,temperature,conductivity,p H,total nitrogen and nitrite. Furthermore,through stepwise regression analysis between land use patterns and five functional feeding groups,the farmland and beachland had significant influence factors on gc,while farmland had significant effects on pr,sc and sh.