南水北调中线水源区土壤侵蚀变化趋势分析

Soil Erosion Change in the Water Source Region of the Middle-Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project(SNWTP)

为保护区域的生态环境和维护丹江口水质安全,基于遥感和地理信息系统技术,以Landsat TM和HJ-1A/B遥感影像和DEM高程数据为数据源,对南水北调中线水源区2000年和2011年的土壤侵蚀进行评价,分析土壤侵蚀的变化趋势。结果表明：12年来,研究区土壤侵蚀总面积下降了234.72×104 hm2（下降42.15%）,47个县中有46个土壤侵蚀面积均呈减少趋势,降幅为13.23%~75.92%;土壤侵蚀强度构成以轻度、中度和强烈侵蚀为主,轻度、中度、强烈、极强烈、剧烈的侵蚀面积分别下降了24.81%,50.34%,47.41%,48.24%和49.15%。研究结果说明南水北调中线水源区土壤侵蚀有较大改善,生态环境保护与建设取得显著成效。

In order to protect the regional ecological environment of water source region of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project（SNWTP） and maintain the water quality security of Danjiangkou Reservoir, based on remote sensing and geographic information system, this study used Landsat TM and HJ-1A/B as data source to analyze the dynamic tendency of soil erosion in 2000 and 2011 in the water supplying area. The findings are as follows： in the past 12 years, gross area of soil erosion has decreased 234.72×104 hm2（42.15%）, 46 in all 47 counties shows a trend of decrease, from 13.23% to 75.92% concretely; soil erosion intensity is mainly light, moderate, strong, the areas of light, moderate, strong, ultra strong, intense have dropped 24.81%, 50.34%, 47.41%, 48.24%, and 49.15%, respectively. The finding demonstrates that soil erosion problem in this area has been improved considerably, and remarkable achievements have been made in ecological construction and environmental protection.