中国老年照顾服务政策:政策评估和展望——基于“生活质量—社会质量”理论分析框架

Chinese Elderly Care Policy Assessment and Prospects: Analyse Base on “Quality of Life- Soocial Quality” Theoretical Framework

本研究基于生活质量和社会质量这两种不同层面的综合分析视角,分别从影响老年人生活质量以及社会质量两个方面的因素讨论了当前老年个体和群体的发展现状,并从政策理念、政策内容、政策工具和政策效果等四个方面对老年照顾服务政策进行评估。研究发现,老年照顾服务政策总体上提升了老年人的生活质量,但是也在满足心理和情感需要方面仍旧存在不足。同时政策本身增进了老年人的代际依赖,降低了老年人的自我独立性,赋权和社会参与的不足加剧了这种局面的形成。随着我国进入追求生活质量和社会质量的阶段,必须推动老年服务政策的进一步发展,提升其在提高老年人生活质量和社会质量方面的整体作用。

Based on quality of life and social quality comprehensive analysis of these two perspectives at different levels, this paper has discussed the current development status of the old individuals and groups from quality of life and social quality factors, and evaluated the elderly care services policy from policy ideas, policy contents, policy instruments and policy effect. The policy has found it enhanced the quality of life of the elderly in general, but also some poor thing has happed to meet the psychological and emotional needs, and the policy itself has enhanced the elderly intergenerational dependence which reduces the independence of the elderly self-empowerment. Meantime, lacking of social participation exacerbated the formation of this situation. With China's entry into the pursuit of quality of life and social quality of the stage, we must promote the further development of the elderly service policy and enhance its overall role in improving the quality of life of the elderly and social quality.