福建省龙岩市军团菌病监测结果分析

Epidemiological study on Legionella in Longyan city

目的了解龙岩市军团菌病流行概况。方法对龙岩市公共场所水体进行军团菌分离、鉴定、分型;通过ELISA方法检测部分健康人群、高暴露人群及肺炎住院病例血清Legionella pneumophila（Lp）1-7抗体水平,以SPSS 11.0软件进行χ2分析。结果龙岩市公共场所集中空调系统军团菌污染率达72.73%（8/11）,均为Lp对冷却塔水的污染,Lp1型为绝对优势菌型（10/11）,经AscI酶切后电泳,得到8个不同PFGE型别,相似系数在35.3%~100%之间。健康人群Lp1~7型抗体阳性率7.01%,高暴露人群与肺炎住院病例则高于10%;健康人群与高暴露人群均以30~40岁年龄组阳性率最高（〉16%）,肺炎住院病例以〉50岁组阳性率较高（〉12%）。三类人群阳性率均无性别差异。结论龙岩市中央空调系统军团菌污染率较高,以Lp1型为主,呈高度基因多样性;人群Lp感染率较高。有必要加强军团菌病监测研究并促进有效防治。

Objective To understand the epidemiological features of Legionella in Longyan city. MethodsWater samples were collected from public areas for Legionella identification and classification in Longyan city.Serum Lp1-7antibody level was determined by ELISA among healthy individuals,high exposure population and inpatients with pneumonia.Chi-square test was used for data statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of Legionella was found to be the highest of 72.73%（8/11）in water samples collected from central airconditioning system in public places of Longyan city,and the contamination came from the cooling tower water,Lp1 was identified as s the absolute dominant serotype（10/11）.After digested by restriction enzyme AscI,8different PFGE types were identified and the similarity coefficient difference ranged from 35.3%to 100%.The positive rates of anti Lp1-7antibody were over 10% among high exposure individuals and pneumonia inpatients,and 7.01%among healthy population.More than 16% of antibody positive healthy and high exposure individuals were 30 to 40years old,and over 12% of positive pneumonia inpatients were older than 50.No gender difference was found. Conclusions The central air-conditioning system is highly contaminated by Legionella,especially Lp1 in Longyan city,which shows a high degree of genetic diversity.It is also commonly found in human individuals.