普伐他汀对酒精性股骨头坏死早期干预作用的实验研究

Experimental research of pravastatin on early intervention of alcoholic osteonecrosis of femoral head

目的探讨普伐他汀对酒精性股骨头坏死(AOFH)的早期干预作用。方法将20只家兔随机分2组,每组10只。对照组给予酒精(乙醇含量50%)10 m L/(kg·d)灌胃,观察组在此基础上加用普伐他汀钠2 mg/(kg·d)口服。实验持续时间为3个月,测量实验前后血清前列腺素E2(PGE2)、血栓烷素B2(TXB2)水平,并于实验后处死家兔行股骨头常规病理学检查及股骨头透射电镜观察。结果实验后对照组血清PGE2、TXB2显著升高,与同期观察组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);对照组光镜下可见髓内骨髓细胞减少,骨小梁钙质脱失、疏松,部分骨小梁崩裂;透射电镜骨细胞微观察可见骨细胞细胞膜结构消失,细胞核固缩、溶解;观察组未见明显改变。结论普伐他汀可有效降低早期AOFH血清PGE2、TXB2水平,预防AOFH发生。

Objective To explore the early intervention effect of pravastatin on alcoholic os- teonecrosis of femoral head （AOFH）. Methods A total of 20 rabbits were randomly and equally di- vided into two groups. Alcohol （50% alcohol volume, 10 mL per kilogram） was given to control group once a day by gavage, while observation group was treated with pravastatin sodium （2 mg per kilo- gram） once a day by oral. Duration of the research was up to three months. The serum prostaglandin E_2 （PGE_2 ） and thromboxane B_2 （TXB_2 ） levels before and after the experiment were measured, and then the rabbits were sacrificed. The specimens of femoral head were checked by routine pathological examination and transmission electron microscopy examination. Results The levels of serum PGE_2 and TXB_2 in the control group significantly increased, and there were significant differences when com- pared with the observation group （P 〈 0.01 ）. The decrease of medullary cells, loss of trabecular bone calcium and disintegration of part of the trabecular bone in the bone marrow in the control group were observed under the light microscope. The disappearance of structures of bone cell membranes, pykno- sis and dissolution of cellular nuclear were investigated under the transmission electron microscopy. In the observation group, no significant change was observed. Conclusion Pravastain can effectively re- duce the levels of serum PGE_2 and TXB_2, which is helpful for prevention of AOFH.