汉川市农村留守儿童伤害认知干预效果评价

Evaluation of intervention effect of injury cognition among the left- behind children in rural area of Hanchuan

目的：探讨健康教育对农村留守儿童伤害认知干预的效果,为农村留守儿童伤害防控工作提供理论依据。方法：采用分层整群抽样方法选取2013年6月～2014年5月汉川市某乡镇小学三、四、五年级和中学七、八年级的401名留守儿童为干预组,同时选取另一乡镇相同年级的272名留守儿童为对照组。对干预组儿童进行为期1年的伤害健康教育干预,对照组儿童不采取任何干预措施,干预前后分别对两组儿童进行问卷调查,评价干预效果。结果：干预后,干预组留守儿童伤害认知得分高于对照组,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预组留守儿童对伤害认知13个指标的知晓率均高于对照组,且除＂骑自行车有必要戴头盔＂外,其余各指标比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;干预组留守儿童伤害发生率（7.27%）低于对照组（20.31%）,两组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：健康教育干预在提高汉川市农村留守儿童伤害认知水平和降低伤害发生率上均起到了较好的效果,今后应持续开展。

Objective： To explore the intervention effect of health education for injury cognition among the left - behind children in rural area, provide a theoretical basis for injury prevention and control among the left - behind children in rural area. Methods ： A total of 401 left - behind children of Grade 3 and Grade 4 from a township primary school and Grade 7 and Grade 8 from a township middle school of Hanchuan city from June 2013 to May 2014 were selected as intervention group according to stratified cluster sampling method; 272 left - be- hind children of the same Grades were selected from the other township as control group. The children in intervention group received injury health education intervention for one year, while the children in control group did not receive any intervention. A questionnaire investigationwas performed in the two groups before and after intervention, the intervention effect was evaluated. Results： After intervention, injury cognition score in intervention group was statistically significantly higher than that in control group （ P 〈0. 05 ） ; the awareness rates of 13 indicators of injury cognition in intervention group were higher than those in control group, there were statistically significant differences excluding ＂wearing a helmet is necessary when riding a bicycle＂ （P 〈 0. 05 ） ; the incidence rate of injuries in intervention group was 7.27%, which was statistically significantly lower than that in control group （20. 31% ） （P 〈 0. 05） . Conclusion： Health education intervention has achieved good effects in improving injury cognitive level and re- ducing the incidence rate of injury among the left - behind children in rural area of Hanchuan, which should be continued in future.