母亲的依恋史和敏感性对婴儿依恋的影响

Mother's Attachment and Sensitivity Affect Infant Attachment Security

目的:通过分析母亲成人依恋,母亲敏感性以及婴儿依恋三个变量之间的关系,帮助母亲改善自己的看护行为,提高婴儿的依恋安全性。方法:对68对母婴进行实验室陌生情境观察、家庭母婴互动观察和成人依恋的问卷调查,采用变量定向和个体定向的方法分析数据,考察三个变量之间的关系。结果:母亲的依恋类型为安全型且敏感性高(以孩子为中心时),孩子形成安全依恋的机率更大;反之,孩子形成不安全型依恋的机率更大。结论:母亲自身的依恋类型和母亲敏感性在婴儿安全依恋的形成中均起到不可忽视的作用。

Objective： To explore the effects of mother adult attachment and maternal sensitivity on infant attachment. Methods： 68 mother-child dyads were participated in Ainsworth Strange Situation procedure, a free-play interaction and Adult-to-parental Attachment Experience Survey（AAES） which was self-reported by mothers. The traditional variable-oriented methods and latent class analysisindividual-oriented methods were applied to the data. Results： When mothers＇ attachment type was secure and they were child-centered（high sensitivity）, their children were more likely to form a security attachment; Otherwise, their children were more likely to form an insecurity attachment. Conclusion： Mother＇s own attachment style and maternal sensitivity both played an essential role in the formation of secure attachment in infants.