铁路货运基础设施优化布局研究

Research on the Optimized Layout of Railway Freight Transportation Infrastructure

研究目的：铁路货运基础设施是铁路发展货运的重要物质基础，铁路货运基础设施布局是影响铁路货运运营成本、运输效率的关键因素。本文对全路货运基础设施布局进行分析研究，意在根据我国铁路运输组织发展趋势，提出我国铁路货运基础设施的合理布局，进而实现路网整体能力最大化。研究结论：本研究首次采用了大型装卸车基地（点）、铁路现代物流中心、一般货运站（场、点）的“三分”概念界定铁路货运站设施，提出全路货运基础设施布局优化方案：（1）煤、焦炭、石油、钢铁、矿石等品类大宗物资需求量大，流量、流向稳定、大客户比较集中，对于大宗货物，规划布局994个大型装（卸）车点；（2）对于物流化运输，规划布局183个铁路现代物流中心，其中一级节点物流中心60个、二级节点物流中心123个；（3）对于一般货运站，按货运站相互距离25～30km时优化整合；（4）本研究成果应用于铁路货运基础设施的生产力布局优化及有关项目实施的依据。

Research purposes： Freight transportation infrastructures are the important material bases of railway freight development. The layout of freight transportation infrastructures is the key factor which affects operation cost and transportation efficiency of railway freight transportation. This paper has analyzed and studied the layout of freight infrastructure of the whole railway system, in order to propose a reasonable layout and realize the maximization of the system capability of the whole railway network. Research conclusions： A ＂ three - sections＂ concept which consist of huge loading （unloading） point, modem railway logistics center and common freight station has been adopted in this paper the first time. It has proposed the following optimized scheme of railway freight transportation infrastructures of the whole railway network： （1） Coal, coke, petroleum, iron ＆ steel, mineral ore and other mass goods are in great demand, their flow and direction are stable, the customers are centralized. For mass goods, 994 huge loading （unloading） point are planned and distributed. （ 2 ） For logistics transportation, 183 modem railway logistics centers are planned and distributed（ among them, 60 first- level nodes, 123 second - level two nodes）. （3） Common station distance of 25 -30 kilometers each other. （4 freight stations are optimized and integrated according to the freight ） This paper has been used as a realization basis of the layout and optimization of railway freight transportation infrastructure as well as some correlative projects.