“特岗计划”:边远地区教师补充机制的探索

Ad Hoc Teaching Post Plan: Exploration of Teacher Supplement Mechanism in Remote Areas

通过个案分析研究"特岗计划"与"以县为主"传统招聘方式的差异,发现"特岗计划"作为一种引导机制,有效地改善了县级招聘新教师的积极性,教师数量大幅增加,教师学历水平、年龄结构、学科结构等方面优化明显。我国边远农村地区教师政策在设计上必须兼顾教师的质量、待遇、发展空间、稳定性等维度。本文尝试提出吸引和激励农村教师的4种政策设计模式:"引导-半稳定模式"、"引导-稳定模式"、"激励-轮岗支持模式"、"高激励-岗位支持模式"。

A case study was made to analyze the difference between ad hoc teaching post plan and the traditional county-centered recruitment method. The result shows that as a guiding mechanism, the ad hoc teaching post plan has effectively increased the enthusiasm of recruiting new teachers at the county level; and the number of teachers has grown rapidly with an obvious improvement of teachers＇ education level, age structure and discipline structure. In designing policies for teachers in remote rural areas in China, teachers＇ quality, payment, development space and stability should be taken into consideration. This paper puts forward four models to attract and stimulate rural teachers： the model of guiding, the model of pursuing teachers＇ stability, the model of periodic teaching in the countryside, and the model of guided teaching in the countryside.