战后美国女性中产阶级地位变化解析(1960—1980)

The Historical Review on Position Changes of American Female Middle Class( 1960—1980)

美国女性中产阶级是19世纪末新旧中产阶级交替过程中形成的一个以性别为标识的'白领职业'群体,其社会地位在二战后明显提升,并逐渐显现出如下特点:其一,在经济地位、生活方式和文化价值观等方面,与新中产阶级有一些相似之处;其二,职业趋向开始向知识和技术含量较高、薪水和收入不菲的'白领职业'攀升,成为美国一个新起的、且相对具有职业竞争力的社会群体;其三,参政议政的政治兴趣颇为浓厚,与美国中产阶级传统上'冷漠'和'保守'的政治态度有很大的不同。

American female middle class is a group of the white collar with sexual mark, and it formed in the process of the new middle class replacing the old one in late 19th and early 20th century. With its posi- tion changes after World War II, American female middle class is gradually displaying its characteristics as following： firstly, it is as same as the new middle class in economic positions, life styles and cultural value conceptions; secondly, it is not only climbing up to the white collar occupations with higher knowledge and technology, higher wages, but also becoming a new rising and competitive occupation group; finally, it is interested in politics whether to participate or to discuss in policy decisions. This is different from traditional political attitudes of American middle class with coldness and conservativeness being the characteristics.