元代汉族人移民西南边疆考论

An Investigation on the Migration towards Southwest Frontiers of Han People in Yuan Dynasty

汉族人口大量迁入西南边疆,成为西南地区的独立民族是在元代。元时汉人以自由性迁徙与非自由性迁徙两种方式进入西南边疆,自由性迁徙即躲避战乱的关中、江淮流民;非自由性迁徙即军事镇戍、诸王出镇、为官出仕等政府行为移民。元代汉族人口南迁规模庞大、范围广,数量接近百万,对西南社会的发展进程产生了深远影响。

It is in Yuan Dynasty that a large number of Han people migrated to Southwest frontier and be- came an independent nationality in Southwestern region. The migration pattern includes free and non -free movement. The former refers to the migration of refugees from Guanzhong （关中） and Jianghuai （江淮） areas to avoid the chaos of wars, the latter refers to those who migrated for the purpose of military garrison, taking up the post of local governors officials, which belongs to government acts. The migration of Han peo- ple towards the Southwest is characteristic of large scale and wide range, with total number accounting to nearly one million, which influenced significantly the development of the Southwestern region.