高等教育质量差异与区域创新

On Differences of Higher Educational Quality and Regional Innovation

高等教育对区域创新的作用不仅体现在人力资本积累、直接参与研发等方面,还包括高等教育培养差异化人才,不同人才在各层次的劳动力市场分别进行创新、创新推广与创新成果的大批量制造等。高等教育质量差异对创新的作用机理,一方面体现在人力资本积累和研发成果转化为生产力对区域创新产生正向影响,另一方面体现在竞争效应和交流效应作用下的知识溢出和创新。教育资源质量差异与区域创新的"倒U"关系假设和模型推导证明,只有当衡量区域内教育差异的指标值达到某一标准或者落在一个适当的区间,创新才是最有效的,即在一个地区总体教育质量水平、经济发展水平等其他条件一定的条件下,存在"高等教育的创新合作边界"或"创新合作区间"。

The function of higher education on regional innovation is not only reflected in the accumulation of human capital and the direct participation in research and development, but also in the cultivation of differentiated talents, as well as the innovation, the popularization of innovation and the mass manufacture of innovative products by different talents in different labor markets, etc. The mechanism of function of the differences of higher education on innovation is reflected in two aspects ： on the one hand, it is reflected in the positive influence of productivity on regional innovation of the accumulation of human capitals and the research achievement transtormation; on the other hand, it is reflected in the realization of knowledge spillover and innovation with the effect of competition and communication. It is certified by the relationship of inverted U-shape hypothesis and the deduction of the model that only when the index value of measuring the regional educational differences achieve some certain of standard or fall upon an appropriate section, can the innovation be the most effective, which means that due to some certain condition of the regional overall level of educational quality, the economic development, etc., there exists the ＂innovation cooperative boundary＂ or ＂innovation cooperative section＂ in higher education