礼物交换的结构牲嵌入——青海黄南热贡唐卡交换模式的个案研究

Structural Embeddedness of Gifts Exchange——A Case Study on Thangka Exchange Mode of Regong in Huangnan of Qinghai Province

对于人类交换制度的研究一直是人类学领域历久弥新经典研究议题。本文在人类学"礼物与商品"的理论比较框架内,通过两个田野社会文本呈现当前青海黄南热贡唐卡交换的"二重性"特征。本文的研究表明,礼物交换制度存在着一种结构性嵌入的特征,集体性的社会结构是礼物交换得以发生的现实基础。在此基础上,本文重新讨论了转型以来中国社会中存在的礼物交换现象,认为带有集体性面向的社会结构是当前中国礼物交换得以发生的根本原因。

The study about mankind exchange system has always been the classical researching issue of anthropology field. With two field social texts,this paper describes the ＂duality＂ of Thangka exchange in Regong based on the ＂gift and goods＂ theoretical comparison frame of anthropology .The paper shows that gift exchange system has the feature of structural embeddedness ,and colleetive society structure is the realistic basis for its occurrence. On this basis, the paper mainly discusses the existing gift exchange after social transformation in China ,and regards the collective society structure as the main cause of the occurrence of gift exchange in modem China.