1943年国民政府出兵西藏事件始末考

Investigation about the Beginning and End of National Government Dispatchtroops to Tibet in 1943

1940年中旬,国民政府在滇缅公路被封闭之后立即着手筹备在西南边境另外修建一条国际运输通道,即中印公路日玛线。事实上,国民政府在设计公路路线的时候有意使其穿过西藏噶厦政府的控制区域,意图借此"在实质上"收回西藏主权,中央军也得以顺道进入云南、西康两省。但国民政府的这一构想威胁到了西藏噶厦政府、西南军阀以及英国政府的利益,期间又经历了若干重大历史事件,这些因素的交织使得日玛线的筹建之路颇为艰难。与此同时,中、英、藏两国三方由于公路问题所引起的矛盾不断升级,中央与地方关系、战时盟友关系一度濒于破裂。最终,国民政府以出兵西藏的方式暂时冷却了三方之间愈演愈烈的内政外交冲突。本文在大量引用英国外交档案的基础上,尝试对此事件加以深入梳理和探究。

In the middle of 1940s, the national government set out to make preparations for building another international transportation passage after the Burma road was closed, that was Rima line on Sino-India Road. In fact, the national government was inclined to make it to across the control area under Tibetan Bkav-shag government during its designing ,so as to take back Tibetan sovereignty ＂virtually＂. In that case, the central army could directly enter into Yunnan and Xikang province. The idea threatened the benefits of Bkav-shag government, the south-west warlord and the British government, and with the happening of several significant historic events, the building of Rima line became rather difficult. Meanwhile, the contradictions aroused by the road among China, Britain and Tibet were constantly aggravating, the central and local relationship and war time ally relationship was on the edge of breaking. Finally, the contradictions were settled down by the form of dispatchtroops to Tibet by the national government. The paper tries to tease and study the event on the base of quoting British diplomacy documents.