美国互联网过滤制度研究

U.S.Internet Content Filtering Laws

美国互联网过滤制度是指美国联邦政府以扣减联邦补贴作为强制手段,要求公立中小学、博物馆和图书馆过滤互联网上对未成年人有害信息的法律制度。透过相关法律的制定过程、概念、特征、主要措施、落实情况,以及治理模式及其背后的政治、经济、社会和技术原因,提出四点启示:遵循互联网信息传播规律,采用间接监管和共同治理方式,减少对企业的限制和负担,减少对成年人的妨碍等。

U. S. Internet filtering system means ACTs and REGULATIONs that the U. S. federal government deducts fed- eral subsidies as coercion, requiring public schools, museums and libraries filter harmful content to minors on the Inter- net. Through the law-making process, concepts, characteristics, key measures, implementation, as well as political, e- conomic, social and governance models and the underlying technical reasons, there is proposed four-point revelation： fol- lowing the propagation of Internet information, the use of indirect supervision and co-governance, reducing restrictions and burdens on enterprises, and reducing prejudice to adults.