项目制背景下乡村公共品的供给嵌入与需求内生——不完全契约理论的分析视角

Embedded Supply and Endogenous Demand of the Rural Public Goods in the Context of Project System:From the Perspective of the Incomplete Contracting Theory

基于不完全契约的理论视角发现,以项目为载体的乡村公共品供给过程中存在明显的嵌入现象,自上而下的供给嵌入必然导致乡村社会需求的内生。供给嵌入与需求内生的双重现象不仅给中央政府的投资带来障碍,还加剧了地方财政困境,导致乡村公共品供给不足。通过建立再谈判机制、实现政府纵向一体化以及形成契约第三方的监督执行机制对于乡村公共品项目制供给路径的优化具有重要实践意义。

From the perspective of the incomplete contracting theory, this paper reveals the obvious phenomenon of embedding in the process of rural public goods supply which is based on the project system. The top-down embedded supply inevitably leads to the endogenous demand of the rural society. The emergence of the embedded supply and the endogenous demand not only brings the investment barriers to the central government, but also worsens the local finance predicament and leads to the insufficient supply of rural public goods. It is much practically significant for the optimal path of rural public goods supply to build the re-negotiation mechamsm, to realize the governmental vertical integration and to establish the supervision and implementation mechanism for the third party of contract.