元青花斑点的笔法研究——以元明墓葬出土文物为中心

Stylistic Research on the Brushwork of Dots of Yuan Blue-and-White Porcelain

由于青花料淘洗和研磨得不够细致,加之使用画笔的笔法不同,导致元代青花瓷器上所绘青花纹样存在各种各样的斑点。这些斑点大小、形状各异,其名称和形成原因各不相同。本文以元明墓葬出土元青花瓷器为中心,总结出来元青花绘饰中的斑点的形成与青花的笔法息息相关,出现斑点的笔法中,线条主要集中在铁线和鱼骨线上,箍线一般不出现斑点;填色中的斑点则主要形成于点按填色法、涂料填色法和抹料法中,搨料法一般不出现斑点。

Because of in exhaustive washing and grounding of cobalt blue colouring pigments, plus the variations in brushwork skills, dots are always found in the decorations of Yuan blue-and-white porcelain. The Variation in size and shape of these dots was resulted from various reasons. This article is centered on the blue-and-white porcelain from tombs of the Yuan and Ming dynasties. The author summarizes reasons for the formation of these dots and their close relationships with different brushwork techniques. For instance, the drawings with dots usually are associated with iron ware-like lines or fish bone-like lines, while hoop-like lines do not generate dots. Dots formed in filling are related to the three color-filling techniques： dot-filling, pigments filling, and wiping, but splashing do not generate dots normally.