基于技术含量的进出口商品贸易条件的影响因素研究

The Research on Factors Affecting Trade Terms of Import and Export Merchandise Based on Different Technical Contents

随着技术创新在对外贸易领域的作用日渐突出,出口商品的技术含量对一国贸易比较优势的转变、对外贸易的转型及商品外部竞争力的提高越发重要。基于此,本文以商品显示技术附加值作为判别技术含量差异的方式,对进出口商品进行分类并测算其贸易条件指数,借助分位数回归模型分析不同因素对各分类商品贸易条件的影响效应,发现尽管我国当前的比较优势商品仍集中在资源型、中技术产品领域,但高技术产品的贸易条件改善力度最大。同时,经济水平、税收等因素对不同技术含量商品贸易条件的影响表现出较大的差异,且当贸易条件处于不同分位水平时同一影响因素的作用系数也表现出明显的差别。

With the role of technological innovation becoming increasingly prominent in international trade, the technology of exports plays a more important role on changing a country＇s comparative advantage, restructuring the foreign trade and improving the external competitiveness of goods. Based on this, the paper firstly uses the revealed technological value added to distinguish the technology differences, then classifies the import-and- export goods and calculates their terms of trade index. With the Quantile Regression Model, the paper analyses the effect of different factors on different kinds of merchandise. It indicates that although China＇s current comparative advantage is still concentrated on resource-based commodities and middle-tech products, the trade terms of hightech products have improved. Meanwhile, the effects of economic level and tax on terms of trade shows a greater difference. When the terms of trade are at different levels, the same factor shows a significant difference.