桑树四倍体品种团桑11号的选育

Breeding of a New Mulberry Tetraploid Variety Tuansang 11

利用人工诱导创造的桑树多倍体品系为亲本材料,选育适合四川蚕区栽植的优质、高产和抗逆性强的桑树品种。从引进的化学诱导桑树四倍体材料国桑21号的植株中,选择出目标性状优良的株系,再经过株系选育和品种比较鉴定试验,育成人工同源四倍体桑树品种团桑11号。新品种2009—2012年在四川省多点进行的区域适应性鉴定试验中与二倍体对照品种湖桑32号相比,桑园单位面积产叶量增产27.88%,桑叶养蚕的万头茧层量提高4.60%,100 kg桑叶产茧量提高4.02%,表现出多倍体桑树品种生长旺盛、叶片肥厚、米条长产叶量高、秋叶硬化迟等特性,并且具有耐干旱和对桑黑枯型疫病的较强抵抗力等特点。新品种于2013年通过四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定,适于在四川省及其他相似生态条件蚕区的平原、丘陵和山区缓坡地栽植。

Aiming to breed mulberry varieties that possess high quality, high productivity, and high stress resistance and are suitable for growing in sericultural areas of Sichuan Province, mulberry tetraploid lines cultivated by means of artificial induction were used as parent materials. The mulberry lines with excellent target traits were selected from the introduced mulberry tetraploid Guosang 21 which was obtained by chemical induction. After plant line selection and variety comparative trial, a new artificial autotetraploid mulberry variety Tuansang 11 was obtained. The results of regional adaptation test at multiple test sites in Sichuan Province from 2009 to 2012 showed that, the leaf production per unit area, cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae and cocoon yield from 100 kg leaves of this artificial tetraploid mulberry variety increased by 27.88%, 4.06% and 4.02% respectively compared with Husang 32, the control diploid cultivar. Moreover, it showed high growth vigor, leaf hypertrophy, high leaf yield per meter branch, late hardening of leaves in autumn, strong endurance to drought and high resistance to mulberry blight disease and other favorable traits. Tuansang 11 was approved by Crop Variety Evaluation Committee of Sichuan Province in 2013. It is suitable for growing in Sichuan Province and the plains, hills and mountain slopes of sericultural areas with similar ecological conditions.