异构无线传感器网络对移动目标的连续跟踪

Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks for Continuously Tracking Mobile Targets

针对固定节点组成的传统无线传感器网络在进行目标跟踪时存在的能耗过高和覆盖空洞问题,提出在传统传感器网络中引入少量移动性节点组成异构传感器网络进行目标跟踪的方案.基于较传统0/1监测模型更为实际的概率监测模型,提出一种协同调度移动节点和固定节点工作的算法来对移动目标进行跟踪.移动节点对目标实施近距离的移动式跟踪,减少了处于活跃状态的固定节点数量,节约了能耗.此外,移动节点可以移动进入空洞监测目标,解决了传统网络不能监测覆盖空洞中的目标的问题.基于NS2的实验结果表明所提出的跟踪方法可以大幅度减少固定节点的能耗并提高跟踪质量,证明了其有效性.

Traditional wireless sensor networks consist of fixed sensor nodes so there are high energy consumption and coverage holes problems while tracking targets. To this end,this paper introduces a few of mobile sensors into traditional sensor networks for tracking targets continuously. Based on this heterogeneous networks and a realistic detection model, atrackingalgorithm is designed to coopera- tively scheduling mobile sensors and fixed sensors. Mobile sensors take advantage of their mobility to follow targets and detect them in short distances. As a result,the number of active fixed sensors is decreased and the energy can be saved. Moreover, mobilesensors can move into coverage holes which exist in traditional fixed networks to track targets. Simulation results conducted on NS2 validate the ef- fectiveness of the proposed tracking solution, which can reduce the energy consumption of fixed sensors and improve the tracking qual- ity.