拔牙和非拔牙矫治对正面微笑和静态侧貌的美学影响

Influence of extraction and non-extraction treatment on esthetic perception of frontal smile and resting profile

目的探讨拔牙和非拔牙矫治对青少年微笑和侧貌的影响,拔牙是否内收青少年颊部。方法以拔牙组和非拔牙组各30例青少年矫治前后正面微笑以及静态侧貌45°和90°照片为研究对象,使用Photoshop CS3软件定点描线测量。矫治后正面微笑像以视觉模拟评分量表评分。应用t检验、卡方检验和Pearson相关分析对数据统计分析。结果两种治疗方式均能使上唇长度增大,口角宽度减小(P<0.05)。拔牙组矫治后,过鼻尖点垂线与过唇部最凸点垂线间距离明显增大(P<0.05);非拔牙组颊部内收角(过鼻尖点的垂线与过面下1/3颊部最凸点的切线的夹角)明显减小(P<0.05)。拔牙组和非拔牙组正面微笑美学评分差异无统计学意义。结论两种矫治方式均能很好地改善患者的唇齿关系,拔牙矫治与青少年颊部变化关系不大,不会影响微笑美观。

Objective This study examines the effects of extraction and non-extraction treatments on the esthetics of frontal smiles and profile photos of teenagers. Furthermore, this work investigates whether extraction treatment adducts the buccal areas of teenagers. Methods Both the extraction and non-extraction groups were composed of 30 cases. The points and lines of frontal smiles with profiles of 45% and 90%for each case were fixed using the Photoshop CS3 software. Visual analogue scale was employed to evaluate frontal smiles. Data analysis was conducted using t-test, chi-square test, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results Both treatments significantly increased the upper lip length. However, the spat width decreased after treatment（P〈0.05）. The line spacing between 1 and 2 noticeably increased in the extraction group（P〈0.05）, whereas no visible changes occurred in the non-extraction group after treatment. Angle R obviously decreased in the non- extraction group（P〈0.05）. Nevertheless, the extraction group exhibited no statistical significance after treatment. The difference between the frontal smile scores in the two groups had no statistical significance. Conclusion Both treatments can improve the relationships between the lips. Furthermore, non-extraction treatments have little to do with the buccal changes in teenagers and do not affect the beauty of a smile.