煤炭生产和消费环境天花板之探究

Study on Coal Production and Consumption Environmental Ceiling

煤炭生产和消费的过程必然对大气、水、土造成污染和消耗，环境天花板是煤炭生产和消费数量的约束边界。我国煤炭生产的环境天花板约为41~43亿t，消费约为34~38亿t。随着经济结构和能源结构的调整以及生态环境的约束，预测煤炭需求总量大约在2020~2025年达到40亿t左右的峰值。生态文明战略是新阶段社会经济发展对煤炭生产和消费的必然要求，其包含“生态优先”原则、煤炭“三清洁”发展策略、生产和消费生态环境成本内部化措施、后找煤时期煤田地质勘查工作的结构调整。煤可以清洁利用，但不能低碳化利用。煤炭的低速增长或负增长已经成为煤炭工业发展的新常态。

The process of coal production and consumption will inevitably bring on pollution and expenditure of atmospheric air, water and soil, while the environmental ceiling is the constraint boundary of coal production and consumption amount. Environmental ceiling of coal production in the country is about 4.1~4.3 billion tons, coal consumption about 3.4~3.8 billion tons. Along with economic, ener？gy source structural regulations and entironment constraint, predicted total amount of coal demand during 2020~2025 would hit about 4 billion tons peak. The ecological civilization strategy is the certain claim of social and economic development in the new period on coal production and consumption. It comprises“ecological priorities”principle, coal“three cleanliness”development tactics （it means min？ing clean coal, cleanly mining coal and cleanly use coal）, production and consumption entironment cost internalized measures, posterior coal prospecting period coal exploration works structural readjustment. Coal can be cleanly used, but cannot be less carbon-intensively used. Low speed growth or negative growth of coal has become the new normal of coal industry development.