不同覆盖方式对烤烟生长发育及产质量的影响

Effect of Different Mulch Ways on Growth and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

为比较不同覆盖方式对烤烟生产发育及产质量的影响,探求永定烟区地表保护性覆盖栽培措施,以烤烟‘云烟87’为材料,研究稻草覆盖、裸栽、地膜覆盖3种不同覆盖方式对烤烟生长发育、病害、烤后烟叶经济性状和内在化学成分及投入成本的影响。结果表明:全生育期稻草覆盖的烟株移栽到旺长前期生长较缓慢,旺长后期至打顶期生长较快,株高、叶面积、有效叶片数优势表现明显;烤后烟叶经济性状优于其他处理、化学成分更趋协调,且用工较少、覆盖成本较低,具有环保的作用,体现出良好的生态、经济、社会效益。

In order to compare the effects of different mulch ways on growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco,and search cultivation ways of field surface protection in the area of Yongding tobacco planting area, fluecured tobacco‘Yunyan 87＇was used as material to research the effects of three different mulch ways： straw mulching, plastic film mulching and no mulching, on growth of flue-cured tobacco, disease, economic traits and intrinsic chemical composition of the tobacco leaf after baking and cost of investment. The results indicated that tobacco plants of the whole growth period with straw mulching grew and developed slowly from transplanting period to early vigorous growth period, grew fast from later vigorous growth period to topping period and had obvious advantages in height, leaf number and leaf area. Compared with other treatments, straw mulching had more advantages in economic traits and more coordinated chemical composition, it was a way of less labor requirement and lower cost in tobacco cultivation. Straw mulching played a role in environmental protection and had better ecological, economic and social benefits.