切花玫瑰硼中毒症及其相关营养元素分析

Study on Boron Toxicosis and Related Nutrients Elements of Cut Roses Mainly Planted in Yunnan Province

针对云南省切花玫瑰主产区切花玫瑰营养枝叶片发生"叶缘灰褐色或枯焦斑块"的典型症状,开展了田间调查与室内分析研究。结果表明:该症是由于根际土壤有效B含量或切花玫瑰营养枝叶片B含量过高(分别大于3.41和164 mg/kg)引起的硼中毒症。相比正常切花玫瑰,硼中毒株营养枝及花枝的叶片N、P、K含量分别降低17.7%、31.1%、13.9%,Mg含量提高了38.4%,营养枝叶片Ca含量较高(3.168%),叶片的K/B、Ca/B、Mg/B值分别下降65.6%、66.2%、51.4%;不管是硼中毒株还是正常株,叶片的B含量均表现由营养枝至花枝逐渐降低,而K/B、Ca/B、Mg/B值则均表现逐渐提高的规律。据此说明,在切花玫瑰生产中应该重视平衡施肥。

In the light of a classical symptom of gray- brown leaf margin or scorched patch occurred invegetative shoot leaf of cut roses mainly planted in Yunnan Province, the study of field survey and indoor testwas conducted. The results showed that this symptom was caused by the exorbitant content of available boronin rhizosphere soils or boron in vegetative shoot leaf, the critical values were 3.41 and 164 mg/kg, respectively.By comparison with the normal cut roses, the content of N, P, and K in leaf of toxic roses decreased by 17.7%,31.1% and 13.9%, respectively, however, the content of Mg rose by 38.4%, and high content of Ca invegetative shoot leaf was 3.168%, moreover, the value of K/B, Ca/B and Mg/B in leaf decreased by 65.6%,66.2% and 51.4%. For the normal or toxic cut roses, the content of boron in leaf gradually decreased fromvegetative shoot to flower shoot, however, the case of K/B, Ca/B and Mg/B was reversed. Therefore, peopleshould attach importance to the balanced fertilization in production of cut roses.