软枣猕猴桃种质资源果实品质、表型性状多样性及主成分分析

Diversity of Fruit Quality and Phenotypic Traits of Actinidia arguta Planch Germplasm Resources and Their Principal Component Analysis

为更好地分析、评价软枣猕猴桃种质资源多样性,对70份种质资源果实的15个性状指标进行相关性及主成分分析。结果表明,种质间各性状变异幅度较大,类型丰富。相关性分析结果表明,一些果实性状间存在显著或极显著相关;主成分分析结果表明各性状的贡献率分散,性状变异具有多向性。其中,第1主成分主要由果实质量、果实纵径、横径、侧径及果梗长决定,第2主成分主要由果皮颜色、表皮光滑度及果形指数决定,第3主成分主要代表可溶性糖含量、可溶性固形物及维生素C含量,第4主成分反映了果实可滴定酸含量情况。因此在软枣猕猴桃育种改良过程中,第1主成分增大时有利于增大果实大小,第3主成分增大时有利于提高果实品质。

To study genetic diversity of Actinidia arguta Planch germplasm resources, the authors evaluate dfifteen fruit traits of 70 germplasm resources and analyzed the correlation and principal components. The results showed that there was significant and abundant variance among traits types. Correlation analysis showed that there were significant correlations among the fruits traits. Principal component analysis showed dispersion of contribution rate and multi-directional variation of Actinidia arguta Planch fruit quality traits.The first principal component was determined by fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit thickness and pedicel length. The second was determined by skin color, skin smoothness and fruit shape index. The third mainly represented soluble sugar, soluble solids and vitamin C content; and the fourth reflected titratable acidity content. Increasing the first principal component factor will be favorable for increasing the fruit size,and increasing the third principal component factor will be favorable for improving the fruit qualities in Actinidia arguta Planch breeding.