山东潍坊地区的一次大风冰雹强对流天气分析

A Wind Hail Strong Convective Weather of Shandong Weifang

为了更好地研究潍坊地区强对流天气的发生发展机制及特点,减少大风冰雹等灾害性天气带来的危害,为日后的春夏季节强对流天气预报工作提取可利用的预报指标,提高预报准确率,特对此次强对流天气过程进行诊断分析。本文利用常规气象资料进行剖面和探空分析,同时结合雷达和卫星云图等短时临近数值预报产品进行成因分析,得出此种强对流天气的发生特点和类型。结果表明,此次强对流天气产生的重要原因是东北冷涡东移过程中分列出的高空槽。冰雹发生在2日的下午,此时低层升温明显,能量充足。前倾结构的高空槽使高层干冷空气叠加在低层暖湿空气上,导致不稳定层结出现,从而触发了强对流天气的发生。

In order to study the occurrence of severe convective weather in Weifang, reduce the disaster caused by wind hail and other disastrous weather, provide effective weather forecast index for severe convective weather in later spring and summer season and improve forecast accuracy, diagnosis analysis of a severe convection weather process was conducted. We used conventional meteorological data and sounding analysis,combining with short-term numerical forecast products such as radar and satellite cloud image, to analyze the causes of the severe convection weather process as well as its characteristics and type. The results showed that the main cause of this severe convective weather was the upper trough from the northeast cold eddy. The hailoccurred in the afternoon, when the lower temperature increased obviously with abundant energy. Forwarding upper trough brought top dry cold air superimposed on the low-level warm moist air, resulted in an unstable stratification and triggered the severe convective weather.