绵阳系列小麦品种(系)产量和品质性状的分析与评价

Analysis and Evaluation of Yield and Quality Characters of Mianyang Series Wheat

为了合理利用小麦育种资源,对24份绵阳系列小麦品种（系）的产量和品质等14个性状进行分析。结果表明,产量变幅为4524.0~6002.55 kg/hm2,有效穗变幅为282.6万个/hm2~391.65万个/hm2,穗粒数变幅为36.6~50.7粒,千粒重变幅为38.05~50.83 g,容重变幅为716~822 g/L,籽粒蛋白质含量变幅为12.54%~16.33%,降落值变幅为105~365 s,湿面筋变幅为23.10%~37.03%,沉降值变幅为25.0~48.5 m L,稳定时间变幅为1.1~10.4 min,软化度变幅为63~201 BU,最大抗延阻力变幅为93~1000 BU,延伸性变幅为11.8~211.5 mm,曲线面积变幅为28.0~226.8 cm2,这14个性状存在丰富的变异类型。相关分析表明,千粒重与产量,籽粒蛋白质与湿面筋、沉降值和面积,降落值与软化度,沉降值与稳定时间、软化度、最大抗延阻力和面积,稳定时间与软化度、最大抗延阻力和面积,软化度与最大抗延阻力和面积,最大抗延阻力与面积呈显著或极显著相关,而穗粒数与有效穗,容重与最大抗延阻力和面积呈极显著负相关。供试材料从产量和品质性状可被聚为3类,第Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅰ4类育种时可以作为高产材料加以应用,第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类育种时作为品质育种材料加以应用。

In order to make rational use of wheat breeding resources, yield and quality characters of 24 Mianyang series wheat were analyzed. The results showed that there was abundant variation of the 14 characters. Yield was between 4524.0 kg/hm2 and 6002.55 kg/hm2, ears per hm2 were between 2.826 million and 3.9165 million, kernels per ear were between 36.6 and 50.7, 1000-kernel weight was between 38.05 g and 50.83 g, test weight was between 716 g/L and 822 g/L, kernel protein content was between 12.54% and 16.33%, falling number was between 105 s and 365 s, wet gluten content was between 23.10% and 37.03%, sedimentation value was between 25.0 mL and 48.5 mL, stability time was between 1.1 min and 10.4 min, softening degree was between 63 BU and 201 BU, maximum resistance was between 93 BU and 1000 BU, extensibility was between 11.8 mm and 211.5 ram, extension area was between 28.0 cm2 and 226.8 cm2. The correlation analysis showed there were complex relations between 14 characters of the Mianyang wheat. By clustering analysis, all tested materials from yield and quality characters were divided into three classes. Class I can be used as high yield material of breeding, Class II and Class III can be used as quality breeding materials.