纳米CuCr_2O_4的制备及其对AP热分解性能的影响

Preparation of Nano-sized Copper Chromite and Its Effect on Thermal Decomposition Performances of Ammonium Perchlorate

采用HLG-5型纳米化粉碎机制备了粒径约为60nm的纳米CuCr2O4,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了样品的结构及形貌,分析了纳米CuCr2O4的形成机理,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了原料CuCr2O4和纳米CuCr2O4对AP热分解性能的影响。结果表明,与原料CuCr2O4相比,质量分数2%的纳米CuCr2O4对AP具有更好的催化性能,可使AP的低温分解峰减弱,高温分解峰温降低67℃,反应速率常数提高数倍,使AP的表观分解热从821J/g提高到1 393J/g,增长率为69.7%。

Nano-sized CuCr2O4（copper chromite）with particle size of about 60 nm was prepared via a HLG-5type nanometer grinder.The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by a X-ray diffractometer（XRD）and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）.The formation mechanism of the nano-CuCr2O4 was analyzed.The catalytic effects of raw CuCr2O4 and nano-CuCr2O4 on thermal decomposition performances of AP were investigated by DSC.Results show that compared with raw CuCr2O4,the nano-CuCr2O4 with a mass fraction of 2%shows best catalytic property to AP,it can make the low temperature decomposition peak of AP weaken,and the peak temperature of high temperature decomposition decrease by 67 ℃,the reaction rate constant increase by several times,and the apparent decomposition heat of AP enhance from 821J/g to 1 393J/g with a growth rate of 69.7%.