我国商业健康保险地区发展失衡现状及原因研究

A Research on the Uneven Development of Health Insurance and Its Reasons

健康保险发展区域失衡目前在世界范围内是一个普遍的现象，而这种现象在中国表现得尤为突出。为了尝试着解释这种现象并解决失衡所带来的弊端，本文从消费者行为决策特点的视角出发、基于部门理论（Sector Theory）和输出基础理论（Export-Base Theory）等分析了健康保险发展区域失衡的原因，创造性地构建了健康保险发展指数来度量健康保险区域发展失衡现状，并用2004～2013年中国31个省市自治区的面板数据对影响健康保险发展失衡的原因进行了实证检验。研究发现，现阶段中国健康保险区域失衡，除了有经济水平差异的影响之外，医疗卫生资源、预期寿命、教育水平等因素对健康保险的发展影响也十分关键。这也进一步说明健康保险的发展基础与一般寿险有别，有必要单独研究。

Regional disparities in health insurance development is quite common globally, but is more acute in China. This study intended to explain the reasons for this disparity and solve the deficiencies brought about by this situation by proceeding from a thorough examination of the characteristics of personal decision-making behaviors in health insurance purchase and applying the sector theory and the export-base theory. It creatively constructed the health insurance development index to measure the degree of regional disparities in China＇ s commercial health insurance industry, used the panel data of 31 provinces from 2004 to 2013 to exponentially test the reasons for the imbalance. We found that besides the imbalanced development of regional economies, physical accessibility to health care services, educational level, and life expectancy were also very important to health insurance development. This also indicated that the development basis for health insurance was different with life insurance, and should be studied separately.