从《围城》看江南文化的近现代转型

The Modernization of the Southern Yangtze Culture in Fortress Besieged

钱锺书先生的《围城》蕴含着深厚的江南文化底蕴,并展现出近现代转型时期新旧交替、中西交织的文化特质。江南特有的崇文重教与家族文化氛围让作者关注了一批特殊的社会群体——知识分子的生活境况,构建出在新旧两种迥然不同的价值取向夹击下令人啼笑皆非的"新儒林"景象;江南文化具有的兼收并蓄及开放性特征使其能够广泛接受西方先进文化,然而在对外在文化的盲目崇拜与缺乏内化的过程中出现了令人尴尬的"洋泾浜"现象;江南是中国近代民族工商业最早的发源地,也较早被列强打开门户开放商埠,其商业化与都市化进程带有鲜明的殖民化特征,以独特的方式进行着独特的现代化进程。转型时期的江南文化不仅奠定了《围城》整部作品的背景底蕴与环境氛围,更积淀在人物的心灵深处,成为其悲剧人生的客观因素,直接构筑了他们的"精神围城"。

There is rich connotations of the Southern Yangtze culture in Qian Zhongshu＇ s Fortress Besieged. The transformation from the old to the new, the integration of eastern and western cultures are presented in the book. The author observes the living conditions of the certain groups of intellectuals influenced by the worship for knowledge and the family cultural atmosphere in the Southern Yangtze area. These new confucianists are in an awkward position under the influence by the contradictary values. The eclecticism and openness of the Southern Yangtze culture makes it easily absorb the western culture, however, the idolatry and slavish adherence to it have lead to the embarrassing pidgin. The Southern Yangtze area was the cradle of modern Chinese industry and commerce, which was forced to open by the western powers, the peculiar commercialization and urbanization of which were characterized by colonialism. Southern Yangtze culture comprises the background and atmosphere of the book, and the souls of the characters, becoming the objective factors that determine their tragedy, and the spiritual fortress besieged.