美国职业体育自组织发展研究及启示

Research on Self-organization Development of Professional Sports in the USA

通过对美国职业体育发展历程进行梳理,以自组织理论为基本工具,对美国职业体育如何实现自组织发展进行剖析。研究表明:美国职业体育系统不断与外界进行物质、能量、信息的交换,形成了正反馈环特性的耗散结构系统,以市场需求为序参量,为了不断适应市场的需求,逐渐演化成职业联盟,职业联盟的出现确保了俱乐部间的竞争与协调,由于竞争与协调得到维持推动着职业体育的有序发展。

By sorting out the development of American professional sports with theory of self - organization as a basic tool, this paper analyzes how American professional sports come to realize self - organizational development. The results show that American professional sports system continues to exchange matter, energy, and information with outside world, forming a dissipative structure system characterized as positive feedback loop. In order to constantly adapt to the needs of the market, this loop gradually evolves into professional leagues. The emergence of the professional leagues regularizes competition and coordination among clubs, ensuring the orderly development of professional sports.