语言交换理论初探

Preliminary Exploration of Language Exchange Theory

社会交换理论解释了社会互动中的利益得失关系。语言行为作为社会互动已经得到深入的认识。但是,社会交换理论还未曾被应用到对语言行为的分析;言语互动和其他语言过程中的交换意识和利弊得失也还缺乏相应的分析。按照社会交换理论,会话、语言习得、语言规划可区分为不同层次的社会交换。结合有关语言学成果对上述现象进行分析,结果不仅显示语言交换作为社会交换的层次性,而且能够揭示出交换过程中由于对语言价值的忽略而造成的社会不平等。

The Social Exchange Theory （SET） explains the relationship of gain and loss of benefits in social interaction. Language behaviors as one kind of social interactions have gained deep recognition, but they are still not analyzed by SET. Therefore, there are no corresponding analyses for language interaction, and consciousness of exchange and gain and loss of benefits in other language processes. Conversation, language acquisition, and language planning are divided into different levels in social exchanges. Combined with corresponding linguistic a- chievements, the analysis results of those language phenomena show the level of language exchange as one kind of social exchanges, and social inequalities caused by the ignorance of language value.