老年人年龄相关性眼病对视功能和生存质量的影响

Current status of age-related eye diseases in elderly population and their visual function and visual-related quality of life

目的 了解≥70岁老年人群年龄相关性眼病所致视力损害的情况,探讨年龄相关性眼病对视功能、视觉相关生存质量的影响.方法 对杭州地区2111例≥70岁老年人做日常生活视力及眼科检查,用视功能-11和生存质量量表做评估.结果 在视力损害的老年人群中,年龄相关性眼病患者占1 417例,其中年龄相关性白内障787例（79.82％）,年龄相关性黄斑变性450例（45.64％）、青光眼108例（10.95％）、糖尿病性视网膜病变72例（7.30％）.随着年龄增加,老人的视功能和生存质量值逐渐下降.视力损害程度愈重,视功能和生存质量值下降愈明显.4种年龄相关性眼病中年龄相关性白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性、青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变的视功能和生存质量值依次降低.调整年龄、性别、视力变量后,年龄相关性眼病老人的视功能和生存质量值均降低,而青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变的视功能和生存质量值较年龄相关性白内障、年龄相关性黄斑变性更低.结论 年龄、视力和4种年龄相关性眼病均分别与视功能和生存质量值密切相关.患青光眼和糖尿病视网膜病变老人无论视力损害程度轻或重,视功能和生存质量下降均最为严重.

Objective To explore the prevalence of age-related eye diseases （AREDs） among people aged 70 years or above in Hangzhou and evaluate the impact of AREDs on visual function （VF） and visual-related quality of life （QOL） in elders.Methods This study involved a total 2 111 elderly people （≥70 years）.All participants received visual acuity and comprehensive eye examinations and complete VF and QoL questionnaires.Results The main cause of visual impairment was AREDs.And the causes were age-related cataract （79.82%）,AMD （45.64%）,glaucoma （10.95%） and diabetic retinopathy （DR,7.30%）.VF and QoL scores declined gradually with age.And the scores declined more rapidly with declined visual acuity among the elders.VF and QoL scores in patients with age-related cataract,AMD,glaucoma and DR were successively lower.After adjusting for age,gender and visual acuity,the elders with AREDs had lower scores across all domains of VF and QoL.Scores for subscales of VF and QoL domains were significantly lower among those with DR and glaucoma compared with those with age-related cataract and AMD.Conclusion Age,presenting vision and AREDs are associated with VF and QoL in this elderly population.And senile people with glaucoma and DR have severe declines in VF and QoL,independent of presenting visual acuity.