戊型肝炎治疗的进展

Progress in Study of Hepatitis E Treatment

戊型肝炎(Hepatitis E,HE)是常见的急性病毒性肝炎之一,它由戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E virus,HEV)感染引起。患者以中青年以及老年人居多,老年人、孕妇和肝脏疾病患者若感染HEV可能引发重症肝炎且病死率高。孕妇感染戊型肝炎病毒后,病死率可高达20%-30%[1,2]。戊型肝炎呈全球性分布,以散发多见,流行主要发生在亚洲、非洲和中美洲的发展中国家。1986-1988年新疆南部地区发生的戊型肝炎水型流行是迄今世界上最大一次流行,共计发病119 280例,死亡707例[3]。近些年来包括美国、日本、中国和印度等在内的一些发达及发展中国家或地区,戊型肝炎发病率有逐渐上升趋势,重型肝炎发病率和病死率逐年增加。控制该病已刻不容缓,但目前临床上还没有戊型肝炎标准化的治疗方案,本文针对戊型肝炎治疗方面进行介绍。

Hepatitis E （HE） is one of the common acute viral hepatitis, which is caused by a disease-causing hepatitis E virus （Hepatitis E virus, HEV）. With high incidence in young, middle-aged and old people, HEV can lead to fatal hepatitis and high mortality in old people, pregnant women and hepatic disease patients, and the mortality can be as high as twenty percent to thirty percent in preg- nant women. HE is a worldwide but sporadic disease commonly, which is epidemic in the developing countries of Asia, Africa and the Central America primarily. Up to now, the greatest epidemic outbreaks of HE occurs at the south of Xinjiang in 1986 to 1988, up to 119, 280 people were infected, and 707 people died among them. In recent years, there has been a gradually increasing tendency for the mor bidity of HE in some of the developed and developing countries or regions including America, Japan, China, India and so on. The morbidity and mortality of severe hepatitis have increased with years. There is no time to delay to control the disease, but the standardized treatment is scarce clinically at present. This article will introduce some effective treatment methods of HE.