渭河宝鸡段水质变化及分析

Analysis on Water Quality Changes in Baoji Section of Weihe River

近年来渭河水环境不断恶化,已经严重威胁到宝鸡地区社会经济的发展。根据1995年~2010年渭河宝鸡段3个断面的监测数据,采用单因子评价法和水质综合污染指数法对渭河宝鸡段水质变化及原因进行了系统分析,结果显示,2000年以来渭河宝鸡段林家村和常兴桥两个断面水质明显改善,唯有虢镇桥断面水质仍较差,以CODMn和NH3-N为主,其中,CODMn主要来自上游河段造纸厂污水排放,NH3-N来源于农业大量施用劣质化肥以及化肥厂废水的排放。从增加水资源总量、调整产业发展战略、建立有效的管理机制和配合全流域规划等方面提出了控制渭河宝鸡段水污染的相关措施,为渭河流域水环境质量评价与水污染防治提供参考依据。

The water environment of Weihe River is continually deteriorating in recent years, has been a serious threat to Baoji＇s regional social and economic development. Therefore, the water quality changes and the reasons of Weihe River at Baoji Section were systematically analyzed by using single-factor assessment methods and water comprehensive pollution index methods, based on the monitoring data of three river sections during 1995 -2010. The results showed that since 2000, the water quality of Linjiacun section and Changxing Bridge section had been improved significantly, only Guozhen Bridge section was still poor and mainly caused by CODMn and NHs-N. Among them, CODMn was mainly from the wastewater discharge of the paper mills in upper reaches, while NHs-N was mainly from agricultural emissions of a large number of inferior fertilizers and the wastewater discharge of fertilizer plant. Therefore, this article proposed some control measures included increasing the total amount of water resources, adjusting the industrial development strategy, establishing an effective management mechanism and cooperating with the whole river basin planning etc, and had provided references for Weihe basin water quality evaluation and water pollution prevention and control.