不规则形状容器容积的两种快速标定方法

Novel Technique to Rapidly Evaluate Precise-Volume of Irregularly-Shaped Container

针对特殊内部结构的容器,常规容积测量方法无法简便有效地实现测定,为此本研究设计了一套新颖的容积标定装置,提出了两种快速标定方法。这两种标定方法是在真空条件下获取容器内压力变化Δp和抽取气体累积体积ΔV的数据,基于气态方程和线性回归方法建立关系表达式,从而能直接计算出待标定容器的容积。实验结果表明,测定所得数据相对偏差在±3.0%以内。本文对该标定装置的主要影响因素即水分等挥发性物质、质量歧视效应、系统仪表精度进行了分析和计算,计算结果表明:本装置在容器内不含挥发性物质、系统仪表精度较高的情况下,适用于特殊结构容器容积的快速测定。

A novel device was developed to measure rapidly and accurately the volume of the irregularly-shaped con- tainers made of special materials, such as the vessels widely used in space and nuclear industries. With the newly-devel- oped device, first, the changes in pressure A p and cumulative flow A V were measured in vacuum; next, the interdepen- dence of Ap and A V was formulated by means of the linear regression and ideal gas equations of state; and finally, the volume of the container was effectively derived in two methods. The influence of the measurement conditions, including but not limited to the volatile matter, mass discrimination, and accuracy of pressure gauge and mass flow meter involved, on the accuracy of volume measurement with the new device was investigated. The experimental test results show that mea- sured at a proper pumping speed,the relative error was less than 3.0%.