移动传感网中基于定向角度路由的数据收集

Data collection based on orientation angle routing in mobile sensor networks

在Sink和节点不断移动的多跳无线传感器网络中,节点和Sink的位置不断变化.如果节点采用传统的广播方式发送数据,节点发送的数据在到达移动Sink之前,很有可能被大量的节点不断转发.这样不仅容易导致数据冗余过大,而且容易造成节点的能量消耗过快从而缩短网络生命周期.为了最大化网络生命周期,提出一种节能的算法ROAR来解决这个问题.首先,节点执行类似于选取簇头的收集器选择算法,能量高的节点以高概率决定是否成为收集器.然后,节点将数据发送给有效区域内的邻居节点.所谓的有效区域是指过节点作连接节点和Sink的直线的垂线,以垂线为边界,与移动Sink同侧的区域.最后,收集器采用折半角度传输的方式将数据发送给移动Sink.仿真实验结果表明,与目前已有的算法相比,算法ROAR能够有效地缩短收集一轮数据所需的时间、减少能量开销、延长网络生命周期.

In a multi-hop wireless sensor network in which the Sink and all nodes are constantly moving, an energy-efficient and latency-minimized algorithm ROAR is proposed. Firstly, all nodes perform a collector selection algorithm, which is similar to cluster-head selection algorithms, such that nodes with higher energy have a higher probability of becoming collectors. Then, each node sends its data to its neighbors in an effective zone.This zone is determined by drawing a horizontal line between the node and the Sink, and then a vertical line through the middle of this horizontal line; the effective zone is the field that locates in the same side as the Sink. Finally, each collector uses a binary angle transmission mechanism to send its data to the mobile Sink.Simulation results show that, compared with existing algorithms, ROAR can effectively control the direction of data transmission so as to minimize the data collection delay and balance the energy consumption of nodes, thus achieve a longer network lifetime. As a result, ROAR has better performance than existing algorithms, and is suitable for use in mobile wireless sensor networks with frequently changing topologies.