变速器前壳体加工中心专用夹具设计

Design of Special Fixture for Gearbox Front Housing on Machine Center

为实现变速箱前壳体一次装夹同时进行钻、铣、镗加工的要求,设计了一套加工中心用变速箱前壳体快速装夹的液压自动专用夹具。针对变速箱前壳体的结构采用"一面两销"定位方式,设计了自定心机构,并详细阐述了机构原理,保证定位精准可靠。夹具采用液压夹紧,计算了切削力和夹紧力,选取了夹具油缸并设计了相应的液压系统。实践证明:该夹紧结构简单,操作方便,避免了基准的转换,保证了加工精度,提高了加工效率。

In order to achieve the requirement of drilling,milling and boring to a gearbox front housing at the same time when it was clamped one time,a set of automatic fast hydraulic special fixture used in a machining center for gearbox front housing was designed. Aimed at the structure of gearbox front housing,by taking ‘one surface with two pins＇ positioning scheme,the self-center structure was designed and the structural theory was elaborated,so reliable positioning was ensured. Hydraulic clamping was used by the fixture,and the cutting force and the clamping force were calculated,then the corresponding hydraulic system was designed with chosen hydraulic cylinder of the fixture. Practice proves that the fixture has the advantages of simple structure and easy to operate,and the transition of baseline is avoided so as to ensure the machining accuracy and improve the machining efficiency.