卫校化学教学中的信息加工模式探讨

Discussion on Information Processing Mode in Chemistry Teaching in Health Schools

结合加涅运用信息加工理论模拟的学习过程结构,分析了化学教学信息传输的基本条件,影响教学信息传输和接受的因素,教师对教学信息的编码变换,学生对教学信息的编码变换（译码）,教学过程中信息的贮存和使用,教学过程中信息的反馈和控制。在化学教学过程,总结出化学信息加工模式：信源（教科书、实践实物等）→编码（知识的获得并形成相应的记忆痕迹）→信道（知识传输途径）→译码（学习或重组掌握认知）→信宿（学生认知结构的构建）。教师应指导学生将化学知识信息按一定的逻辑联系组织编码起来,使其更为系统化,成为具有一定结构的、井然有序的知识整体,利于实现化学教学过程的优化。

Combined with the structure of study process proposed by Gagne based on theory of information processing,basic conditions for information transmission of chemistry teaching,factors effecting information transmission and reception,transcoding of information by teachers and students,storage and use of information in teaching,and information feedback and control in teaching were analyzed.Then an information processing mode of chemistry teaching was concluded,including steps such as the source of information（textbook,teaching supplies,etc.）;encoding（acquisition and formation of memory of knowledge）;information channel（diffusion ways of knowledge）;decoding（learning and reconstruction of cognition）;receiving information（construction of cognition）.Teachers should instruct students to connect and organize the codes of chemistry information logically to obtain scientific knowledge,and optimize the implementation of chemistry teaching process.