含大规模电动汽车的电力系统机组组合问题研究

Unit Commitment in Power Systems Considering Large-Scale Electric Vehicles

大规模电动汽车(electric vehicles,EV)接入电网将会对电力系统的规划、运行及市场运营产生很大的影响。针对大规模EV接入电网后的机组组合问题进行了研究,提出了一种计及EV充电需求的电力系统机组组合模型,把满足EV充电需求纳入约束条件,以某一辆EV在某一个时段是否进行充电作为可优化控制变量,以10机系统24 h内的机组组合为算例,在不同EV规模下,对比了3种不同充电控制策略,即无序充电策略、分时电价策略、智能充电策略对电力系统机组最优组合优化结果的影响。由计算可知对EV采取适当的充电控制策略可以降低电力系统发电成本。

Introducing large-scale electric vehicle（ EV） into a pow er system w ould bring great impacts on pow er system ＇s planning,operation as w ell as electricity market development. This paper studied the unit commitment in pow er systems w ith considering large-scale EV,and proposed a unit commitment model w ith taking the needs of EV charging as constraints and the charging possibility of an EV in a certain period as the control variable that could be optimized. Taking the unit commitment of a 10-units 24-hours system as example,this paper compared the influences of three charging control strategies for different scale EVs on the optimization results of unit commitment in pow er system ： disordered charging strategy,time of use（ TOU） pow er price strategy and smart charging strategy. The results show that appropriate control strategy for EV charging can reduce the generation cost of pow er system.