黄河流域典型区域实际ET计算案例研究

A Case Study of Typical Regional Actual ET Calculation in Yellow River Basin

针对黄河流域典型区域的实际ET(蒸散发量)计算问题,基于SWAT分布式水文模型,提出了相应的计算方法,对所需资料、数据处理和方法验证进行了设计,以黄河流域鄂尔多斯地区为研究实例,通过计算和分析可知,该区域1990—1999年平均降水量为268 mm,区域实际ET有天然ET(由陆地ET和水域ET构成)、耕地ET、城乡居工地ET组成,其中平均天然ET为246 mm,耕地ET为133 mm,城乡居工地ET为0.547 mm。1990—1999年,鄂尔多斯地区平均实际ET为379.5 mm。对区域实际ET计算方法的研究和验证,可为进一步探索黄河流域水资源管理模式奠定基础。

Aiming at the issue of typical regional actual ET calculation in the Yellow River basin,the paper based on SWAT of Distributed Hydrologic Mode,put forward calculation method and process,designs necessary information and data. And then,Ordos region was taking as the case study,the paper obtained the results of regional actual ET though SWAT model calculation. In the period of 1990-1999 of this re-gion,average annual rainfall is 268 mm,the regional actual ET includes natural ET （composed of land ET and water area ET）,farmland ET and urban and rural residential and industrial land ET,of which the average natural ET is 246 mm,the average farmland ET is 133 mm,the average urban and rural residential and industrial land ET is 0. 547mm. Therefore,average annual actual ET of Ordos region is 379. 5 mm. The study on actual ET calculation lays the foundation for the further step to implement new water management in the Yellow River basin.