固扩工程南城拐子支干渠补灌区节水改造

Research on Water-Saving Transformation in Nanchengguaizi Main Channel's Replenish Irrigation Area of Gukuo Project

针对宁夏水资源短缺、远距离高扬程输水灌区供水成本高、沿用传统渠道输水灌溉模式和种植结构难以维持扬黄灌区良性运行和持久发挥效益的问题，以宁夏固海扬黄扩灌工程南城拐子支干渠节水补灌区的节灌技术和管理模式为研究对象，对该地区先后实施管灌和滴灌的原因进行了分析，并通过喷灌、滴灌试验研究了以马铃薯为种植对象的节水灌溉制度和灌水定额。结果表明：①试验区滴灌比喷灌每公顷节水720 m3，增产0～7500 kg，滴灌优于喷灌，区域可供推广的节水改造技术应为以滴灌为主、喷灌为辅的节水技术；②在加强对扬黄含沙水流技术处理的基础上，管理模式应为推行土地流转后的“公司＋农工”集约化模式。

In order to solve the problems of water scarcity in Ningxia,high cost in high-lift long-distance water conveyance irrigation area, difficult to maintain the operation and keep lasting benefit by using the traditional channel model of irrigation and the planting structure,the paper analyzed the reasons of irrigate with pipe and drip,through experiments,crop irrigation system and irrigation volume were studied, choosing potato as experimental crop and choosing water-saving irrigation technology and management mode that suitable for Nanchengguaizi main channel＇s water-saving replenish irrigation area of Gukuo Project as the research object. The result shows that a）compared with spray irrigation,drip irrigation saves water 720 m3 ,increases output 0-7 500 kg,so,drip irrigation is better than spray irrigation. The promotion of water-saving technology is suited to drip irrigation mainly and supplemented by spray irrigation;b）based on the increased treatment to the sediment flow,transferring the land into the“Company ＋ Farmer”intensive management pattern is good.